Surge in fake citations uncovered by audit of 2.5 million biomedical science papers

The reference integrity audit of 2.5 million biomedical papers spans 3 years of scientific publishing.Credit: Aramyan/Getty An audit of 2.5 million academic papers has identified nearly 3,000 biomedical-science papers that contain fake references — ones that could not be traced to known publications. The findings, published in The Lancet on 7 May1, are contained in…

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