Ethical approval This research was approved by the Central University Research Ethics Committee (CUREC) at the University of Oxford (reference no. SSD/CUREC1A/10-099). The approval included the collection process and analysis of administrative microfinance data and primary data from human participants collected through semi-structured interviews. The research was performed in accordance with all relevant guidelines and…
Bacterial genomic datasets compiled for this study Several bacterial genomic datasets were compiled for this study, and different selections of these datasets were used, as appropriate, for the analyses described herein. We refer to these datasets as: ‘NCBI complete genomes’, ‘NCBI long-read assemblies’, ‘NCBI short-read E. faecium assemblies’, ‘SHC long-read Enterococcus isolates’ and ‘SHC long-read metagenomes’….
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Cell biologist Mark Terasaki (right) has pledged to give US$25 million to the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, over the next five years.Credit: Marine Biological Laboratory To the people of Woods Hole in Massachusetts, and to the researchers working at the renowned 138-year-old Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) there, cell biologist Mark Terasaki has…
Unless otherwise noted, chemicals and buffer components were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Cell culture PtK2 cells (ATCC, CCL-56) were cultured in MEM (Gibco) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1 mM sodium pyruvate, 1× non-essential amino acids (Gibco), and 1× antibiotic–antimycotic (Gibco) at 37 °C in 5% CO2. All cell lines were obtained from ATCC, which validates…
Experimental details The experimental results presented in this paper were obtained using the Gemini laser system. A DPM system is used to improve the laser contrast to Imax/I(t) > 108 at times more than 1 ps before the peak of the pulse, whereas the sub-ps contrast is discussed in the text referring to Fig. 1. A total throughput…
The revolution of genome-wide scans has led to the discovery of numerous robust associations between human genetic variants and disease outcomes, susceptibility and resistance. Many of these associations map to a region of the genome containing HLA genes, which encode a system of proteins that are essential for mounting adaptive immune responses. There is a…
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